![]() Nicotine gum is not a direct replacement for cigarettes, but rather aims to reduce the nicotine level in the blood gradually over a period of twelve weeks. Individuals who smoke fewer than 10 cigarettes daily or do not smoke every day may prefer a lower dose and to use the gum less frequently. ![]() Individuals who smoke their first cigarette at least 30 minutes after waking or smoke fewer than 25 cigarettes daily are recommended to use the 2 mg gum. Individuals who smoke their first cigarette within 30 minutes of waking up or smoke more than 25 cigarettes daily are recommended to use the 4 mg gum. Nicotine gum is commonly available in two strengths: 2 mg and 4 mg. Side effects and adherence rates of using the gum and patch together are similar to using either NRT alone. The patch delivers nicotine slowly and consistently throughout the day to achieve a stable level of nicotine in the blood, and the short-acting gum is used as needed to provide immediate relief of breakthrough cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine gum is often used in conjunction with a long-acting nicotine patch. In addition, behavioral interventions such as in-person counseling, telehealth services, and self-help programs have been shown to further improve tobacco cessation rates. Whether using two types of NRT or pharmacotherapy ( e.g., bupropion, varenicline) plus NRT, a combination of interventions has been shown to be more effective than monotherapy in achieving tobacco cessation. On account of its short-acting nature, nicotine gum requires repeated use throughout the day, and its reliance on chewing as the mechanism of nicotine release leads to more variable levels of nicotine in the blood than the patch. This procedure repeats, occasionally changing where the gum is parked in the mouth, until the tingle can no longer be felt, usually about 30 minutes after starting. ![]() Due to this fact, nicotine gum is not chewed like regular chewing gum, but follows a “chew and park” protocol: the gum is chewed slowly until a peppery taste or tingling sensation can be felt in the mouth the gum is then “parked” and held between the gums and the inside of the cheek for about a minute until the tingling subsides chewing is resumed when the tingling fades. The nicotine contained in nicotine gum is released with chewing and is absorbed through the lining of the mouth to enter the blood stream. It can be used alone or in conjunction with other forms of pharmacotherapy for cessation of tobacco products. ![]() It is classified as a short-acting (also called fast-acting) form of NRT because it relieves the cravings and symptoms that occur with smoking cessation more quickly than a long-acting NRT ( i.e., the nicotine patch). Nicotine gum is a chewing gum containing a small dose of nicotine polacrilex. Nicotine gum and other NRT products are on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Although nicotine in tobacco products is associated with increased cardiovascular risk, hyperlipidemia, and increased insulin resistance, there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate that nicotine found in nicotine gum has the same health effects. Common side effects include mouth irritation or ulcers, jaw pain, and hiccups. Flavor options range from mint and cinnamon to various fruit flavors, and doses range from 2–6 mg, though it is most commonly sold in 2 and 4 mg strengths. Nicotine gum is available via general, pharmaceutical, and online sales without the need for a prescription. It is a type of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used alone or in combination with other pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation and for quitting smokeless tobacco. Nicotine gum is a chewing gum containing the active ingredient nicotine polacrilex. Type of chewing gum that delivers nicotine to the body
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